Overview:

Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is a surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat tumors in the bladder. It involves the removal of cancerous tissue from the bladder wall through the urethra, using a specialized instrument called a resectoscope. TURBT is often the first step in managing bladder cancer, allowing for both diagnosis and treatment of tumors.

Indications:

TURBT is indicated for patients with suspected bladder tumors, typically after initial evaluation through imaging studies and cystoscopy. It is commonly performed for patients with superficial bladder cancer, where tumors are confined to the bladder lining and have not invaded deeper tissues. The procedure may also be recommended for patients with recurrent bladder cancer to remove any new growths and reduce the risk of further progression.

Procedure:

The TURBT procedure is generally performed under regional or general anesthesia. During the surgery, a resectoscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. The surgeon uses the resectoscope to visualize the bladder and remove tumors using an electric loop or laser. The removed tissue is then sent to a laboratory for pathological analysis to determine the presence and type of cancer. The procedure typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour, depending on the number and size of the tumors.

Recovery:

After TURBT, patients may experience some discomfort, including a burning sensation during urination and mild bleeding. A catheter may be placed in the bladder for a short period to facilitate urine drainage. Most patients can return home the same day or the following day, depending on their recovery. Full recovery may take a few weeks, during which patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities. Follow-up appointments are essential for monitoring recovery and assessing any signs of tumor recurrence.

Risks and Complications:

While TURBT is generally safe, it carries some risks and potential complications. These may include bleeding, infection, perforation of the bladder wall, and urinary retention. Patients may also experience changes in urinary habits, such as increased frequency or urgency. It is important for patients to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider prior to the procedure to understand the potential risks and benefits.

Conclusion:

Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is an effective and minimally invasive approach to diagnosing and treating bladder cancer. By removing tumors from the bladder wall, TURBT can help alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of cancer progression. Patients should engage in thorough discussions with their healthcare providers to understand the procedure, potential outcomes, and the importance of follow-up care in managing their condition.