Overview:

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition in which the prostate gland becomes enlarged, leading to urinary difficulties. TURP involves removing excess prostate tissue to relieve pressure on the urethra, improving urine flow and alleviating symptoms associated with BPH. It is considered the gold standard for surgical treatment of this condition.

Indications:

TURP is typically indicated for men with moderate to severe urinary symptoms caused by BPH that have not responded to conservative treatments, such as medication. Symptoms may include frequent urination, difficulty starting or stopping urination, weak urine stream, and the sensation of incomplete bladder emptying. The procedure may also be recommended for patients experiencing urinary retention or bladder stones resulting from an enlarged prostate.

Procedure:

The TURP procedure is usually performed under spinal or general anesthesia. During the surgery, the surgeon inserts a resectoscope, a specialized instrument equipped with a camera and surgical tools, through the urethra. This eliminates the need for external incisions. The surgeon uses the resectoscope to carefully remove excess prostate tissue in small sections, allowing for improved urine flow. The procedure typically takes about 60 to 90 minutes, depending on the size of the prostate.

Recovery:

After TURP, patients may experience some discomfort, including a burning sensation during urination and mild bleeding. A catheter is usually placed in the bladder for a few days to help drain urine. Most patients are able to go home within a day or two after the procedure. Full recovery may take several weeks, during which time patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities. Follow-up appointments are important to monitor recovery and assess symptom improvement.

Risks and Complications:

While TURP is generally considered safe, there are potential risks and complications. These may include bleeding, infection, and temporary or permanent changes in sexual function, such as erectile dysfunction or retrograde ejaculation. Other risks include bladder or urethral injury, the need for additional surgery, and the possibility of BPH symptoms returning over time.

Conclusion:

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is an effective surgical option for managing symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. By removing excess prostate tissue, TURP can significantly improve urinary flow and quality of life for patients. As with any medical procedure, it is essential for patients to discuss their individual risks and benefits with their healthcare provider to make informed decisions about their treatment options.